Native, not a browser
A <View> is a real widget: GTK4 on Linux, AppKit on macOS, Win32 with Direct2D on Windows. Text is laid out by Pango, Core Text or DirectWrite. The app ships as one binary with no bundled browser engine.
React Native's own core
The same C++ that runs on iOS and Android — Fabric, Yoga, the shadow tree — with a host per desktop written against its toolkit. Your components, props and layout behave the way they already do.
Configured, not wired up
app.json declares which desktops an app targets and each package declares what it needs natively. There is no per-platform project to hand-edit and keep in sync.